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« Back to Contents MISCELLANEOUS

LiFE re

Literature for ENYGO

Epidemiology of Gynaecological Cancers

Editor Dominic Blake Shu et al. studied ovarian clear cell carcinomas (OCCC) in a retrospective
cohort study that examined patients diagnosed and treated at a single
Descriptive summary institution and reported progression-free survival and overall survival.
The study confirmed that most women present at a younger age and ear-
In this issue we focus on ovarian cancer. Trétarre et al. reported trends lier stage as compared to serous cancers. The study undertook subgroup
in incidence, mortality, and survival in women with ovarian cancer. analysis to examine survival in patients with surgical 1C vs. 1C (surface
Data was collected from cancer registries and included epithelial, disease/positive cytology) and found that survival was more closely
sex-cord stromal, and germ cell tumours. The results were modelled in related to early-stage disease in the surgical rupture group. Race did not
an age-period-cohort analysis to adjust for factors relating to age and appear to be a significant predictor of outcome in OCCC. Patients with
the environment. Whilst the incidence of ovarian cancer increased, the advanced ovarian cancer were found to be more chemoresistant than
mortality rate fell. The factors associated with the rise in incidence were those with earlier stage disease.
a larger population size and an aging population. Survival in those with
ovarian cancer remains poor despite advances in treatment. Victora et al. published a study on breast-feeding and its lifelong
effects. The study included 41 meta-analyses of women undertaking
Luke et al. presents a retrospective analysis of women undergoing breast-feeding and its effects on ovarian cancer risk. The results showed
assisted reproductive therapy. They concluded that in the short term the a risk reduction in breast-feeding women developing ovarian cancer and
risk of developing ovarian cancer is not significantly increased, however, a suggested further risk reduction in those women undertaking more
it calls for longer prospective studies. prolonged periods of breast-feeding.

Lee et al. examined a large pooled genetic dataset and confirmed that The EPIC study collected data from 10 European countries. This produced
there appeared to be an association between endometriosis, clear cell, a large dataset and examined whether reproductive factors effect
and serous cancers. However the functional significance of the genes survival in epithelial ovarian cancer. The study concluded that long-term
analysed remains uncertain and calls for further analysis to confirm the use of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) was associated with an
association. improved survival, in contrast to previous studies. Other factors such as
parity, breast-feeding status, total ovulation years, and prior hysterecto-
The Nordic twin study observed monozygotic and dizygotic twins for my were not associated with survival. The paper calls for further studies
32 years. It was a retrospective study using cancer registries and birth to confirm the positive findings in MHT users.
records. The data supports an association between ovarian cancer in
dizygotic and monozygotic twins where one twin has developed ovarian
cancer (9 % risk in dizygotic and 3 % in monozygotic). The period of time
between twins developing cancer varied widely which supports the
genetic and environmental impacts of developing cancer.

Relevant articles retrieved Nov 2015 - Feb 2016 Authors Journal Link to abstract
Trétarre et al. Gynecol Oncol.
No Title Fertil Steril. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
1 Ovarian cancer in France: Trends in incidence, mortality and survival, Luke et al. JAMA. pubmed/26383829
Gynecol Oncol
1980–2012 . Lancet. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
2 Cancer in women after assisted reproductive technology. Br J Cancer, pubmed/26271227
Fertil Steril.
3 Familial Risk and Heritability of Cancer Among Twins in Nordic Countries. Mucci et al. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
pubmed/26746459
4 Ovarian clear cell carcinoma, outcomes by stage: The MSK experience. Shu et al.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
5 Breastfeeding in the 21st century: epidemiology, mechanisms, and lifelong Victora et al. pubmed/26404183
effect.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
6 Reproductive factors and epithelial ovarian cancer survival in the EPIC cohort Bešević et al. pubmed/26869575
study.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
7 Evidence of a genetic link between endometriosis and ovarian cancer. Lee et al. pubmed/26554655

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
pubmed/26477498

International Journal of Gynecological Cancer, Volume 26, Supplement #1 Page 67